With the increasing integration of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capabilities and dynamic load management strategies, what are the best practices for designing and implementing smart charging station architectures? Specifically, how can emerging communication protocols (such as ISO 15118) and management standards (including OCPP) be integrated into both new and retrofitted charging infrastructures to optimize energy distribution, ensure grid resiliency, and maintain cybersecurity?
Additionally, what role do advanced algorithms in predictive load balancing and real-time data analytics play in adapting to fluctuating grid demands, and how can these be effectively integrated with legacy systems? Insights into case studies or pilot programs that have successfully adopted these technologies would be highly beneficial.